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STATE OF THE ARCTIC MARINE BIODIVERSITY REPORT - &lt;a href="https://arcticbiodiversity.is/findings/sea-ice-biota" target="_blank"&gt;Chapter 3&lt;/a&gt; - Page 43 - Figure 3.1.5

From the report draft: "In addition to showing composition and peak abundance ranges, we illustrate the phenology of ice meiofauna over the ice-covered season in the entire combined data set. For this purpose, the data were normalized to the daylight hours at each location during the date of sampling using R package geosphere (Hijmans 2015) and a method described in Forsythe et al. (1995). This was necessary, because ‘spring’ arrives earlier at lower latitudes than at higher latitudes, so that using month or day of year would obscure the pan-Arctic integration of the data. Other influential factors such as snow depth, ice thickness and nutrient concentrations were not accounted for in this analysis."</gco:CharacterString>
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